Ship Transit in Level Ice

SAMS is utilised to simulate a ship's transit in level ice. Based on implemented theories, the following aspects can be observed:

  1. How a broken ice channel is created.
  2. Frequent bending failure, and secondary bending failure of ice are simulated explicitly.
  3. Ice resistance and ice force distribution around the ship hull (ice belt) can be quantified.

Thus, the channel resistance in a convoy transit scenario can be evaluated.